At Last, to Slumber!

The smooth silk sways [Alliteration] my desires to sleep.  Oh how I have missed you [Apostrophe], the Silent Night(s)! The silence and the sleep somehow always seem to escape from my reach [Ethopoeia/Personification] each night. What must one man do to find such rest? Why must it be so difficult to sleep in peace [Epiplexis]? Who is to blame and to whom must I proclaim? But wait! At last, the Silent Night(s) have returned [Ethopoeia]. Like the wind sets sails to the voyager, you send sanity to my soul [Simile].

It has been far too long, far too few of nights where I have found true slumber. In truth, to slumber is next to impossible in this “college-life” [Hyperbole]. So how grateful I am to have finally found it. For this week, starting tonight, I will sleep like a baby [Maxim/Proverb] once more. I speak of the silent nights in which the night slumbers [Metaphorical use of Verbs] along with you. No sound, no stress, no midnight spars [systrophe].

At last I have found the week of slumber.  Grateful indeed, I am [anastrophe]. For this week there will be no stereo, no yelling, no late night in-door basketball playing; no noise. This week Silent Night(s) will love me and I her [Subjectio]. I cannot wait to beginnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn

Style and Delivery in Elementary Education

Mrs. Reggiani is a first grade teacher and has the privilege to help children become literate in reading and writing.  She lives in an area in the United States where there are many Spanish speakers and has some students in her class that are struggling because they are learning basic academics in a second language.  Because of this she has to communicate with the parents and guardians of students to help these children progress in their education.  She has attempted multiple times to communicate over the telephone without much success.  Mrs. Reggiani has scheduled to meet with the mother of one Spanish speaking student in her class, Maria who is from Chile.

Teachers should praise the child's
work to show their credibility in helping the child's learning.

She dresses in dress pants and a blouse but nothing too overdone as to appear more personable, but still professional.  Before the meeting she has made a list of words in Spanish that she thinks will apply to their conversation.  Maria comes with her mother to help translate if needed.  Maria and her mother sit down with Mrs. Reggiani and she introduces herself.  She smiles and hugs Maria’s mother as is custom in Chile.  Mrs. Reggiani uses lots of gestures and pays attention to Maria’s mother when she speaks to help her to feel more comfortable.  The style is low as Mrs. Reggiani is trying to communicate Maria’s need in the classroom and show that she truly cares about her education and their family.  The delivery is clear and she enunciates as she speaks and speaks slowly.  Mrs. Reggiani frequently pauses to ask if she has been understood and listens as Maria’s mother explains what she has understood.  Some comparison is used to help her understand better but Mrs. Reggiani mostly avoids figurative language so as to avoid confusion.  She uses cause and effect to explain how the support of Maria’s family will help her in her academics.  They decide to meet regularly to increase Maria’s progression in the classroom.  Mrs. Reggiani was successful through her low and friendly style showing concern for Maria and respect for her family while explaining the situation clearly and with the help of her preparation in understanding better Maria’s cultural background. 

Figurative Script about Scriptures

Tropes about Scripture Study

• Metaphor: 
• "Scriptures are food for thought."
• The scriptures are obviously not fine dining . But I do enjoy the deeper scriptural meaning that this metaphor offers because we are told to "feast upon the words of Christ" (2 Nephi 32:3), so scriptures as food is a commonly used comparison.
• Paranomasia:
• "Every member must remember to read the scriptures daily."
• Church members might laugh at this play on words, but hopefully it's catchy enough to make them commit it to memory.
• Anthimeria:
• "I know that scripturing throughout my day keeps me focused on Christ."
• Turning the noun "scriptures" into a verb spices up the sentence, instead of repeating the age-old "studying the scriptures" phrase again. 
• Hyperbole:
• "Your life will change completely the very moment that you open the scriptures."
• This may be true for some people...But for most it is an exaggeration, if not an inspiring one.
• Oxymoron:
• "You might consider listening to the scriptures as books on tape in your car!"
• Book on tape is an oxymoron because a book is a book and tape is tape and they are opposing mediums. It's used as a serious comment, though, not necessarily meant to add humor.

Schemes about the Study of the Scriptures:

• Parallelism:
• "Whether the writings are from ancient prophets in the Old Testament, American prophets in the Book of Mormon, or modern prophets in the Doctrine and Covenants, they are all considered the words of God."
• By paralleling different prophets from different volumes of cannon I emphasized the fact that their writings are equally important messages from God.
• Anastrophe:
• "Happy you will be when you study daily."
• This has a better ring to it than, "You will be happy when you study daily."
• Ellipsis:
• "A good study session consists of reading, but an excellent of feasting."
• Members who know the 2 Nephi 32:3 reference will be prompted to rethink the difference between simply skimming the scriptures and really relishing them, thanks to this ellipsis which omitted the words "study session consists of" in the second clause.
• Alliteration:
• "Scripture study serves as a source of spiritual serenity, especially when performed in solitude."
• Repeating the "s" sound so much sets a peaceful tone that encourages the audience to seek that spiritual silence.
  
   

Figurative Language about Dogs

TROPES

Metaphor-

·         My little brother calls me German Shepherd dog “Big Horse.”

·         A dog is not a horse, but by my little brother calling her that, it shows some like characteristics that those two share- both are big animals.

Paronomasia-

·         I was deep in thought, on the train, as I determined the best way to train my dog.

·         The first “train” is a noun and mode of transportation, whereas the second “train” is a verb, meaning to teach and mold behavior.

Anthimeria-

·         The students living in off-campus housing postered the streets, announcing the rally to allow animals in student housing.

·         A poster is a noun, and putting up a poster is a verb, but in this sentence, the noun is used as a verb.

Hyperbole-

·         It’s been FOREVER since I last saw my dog!

·         Obviously, it hasn’t been forever, it’s just seemed like a very long time, since I’ve been at college and she has been at my parents’ house for the last 3 years.

 Oxymoron-

·         Sometimes when my dog sleeps, she peacefully growls.

·         A growl should be menacing and scary, but when my dog sleeps, she does it in a kind of peaceful way (not loud, no teeth showing) which is somewhat contradictory.

SCHEMES

Parallelism

·         She had brown fur and she had white fur. Now she is mostly gray.

·         “She had” is repeated and the color of her fur is stated in a way that you could easily put in a different format- in columns.

Anastrophe

·         Laying there, lazy she was.

·         The words are in a different order than they conventionally would be, emphasizing a different part.

Ellipsis

·         My beagle is small; my German shepherd thinks she is.

·         The word “small” was omitted from the second phrase, but the content is still understood that my German shepherd thinks that she is small.

Alliteration

·         My dog, Daisy, dozed in the doghouse.

·         I repeated the “d” sound several times in the sentence, closely together.

Figurative language about Anarchy

Tropes about Anarchy:

1. Metaphor

• "Anarchy is an atomic bomb held by us all".
• The incredible potential for both destruction and utilization found in anarchy is dangerous, but even more nerve-wracking is the fact that everyone can tap into that power

2. Paranomasia

• The abuse of governmental power rises in an arch until it falls into anarchy.
• Anarchy and "an arch" are similar sounding and one can be used to describe the process of the other (e.g. Anarchist attacks has led to an arch in store robberies)

3. Anthimeria

• In 2011, the Libyan dictatorship was dethroned and subsequently anarchized
• We both know that anarchized isn't a a word, but it sounds pretty convincing as a verb used to describe the chaotic state of a former government.

4. Hyperbole

• The Anarchists are obliterating the city!
• Unless the aforementioned anarchists have some kind of science fiction energy/power, it is highly unlikely that the city is being utterly destroyed.

5. Oxymoron

• Anarchy is the destructive creativity that society needs to grow
• It's pretty hard to create something when the intent is merely to destroy.

A little bit of parallelism from an famous anarchist

Schemes about Anarchy

1. Parallelism

• One stand, one bullet, one scream of "enough" is all it takes to start a revolution.
• the parallelism is found in the clauses, which creates a list of similar things which all can lead to anarchy

2. Anastrophe

• Glowing in hot embers, the shadows of the growing anarchy spread across the streets.
• Putting hot embers at the beginning of the sentence produces emphasis of them and tells the mind to focus on the fact that fire is heavily involved in this scene.

3. Ellipses

• Anarchy can lead to salvation for thousands. Sometimes, the result is desolation.
• Since anarchy is already the topic, it can be omitted from the next sentence without confusion to continue the ongoing train of thought on it's ongoing consequences

4. Alliteration

• When amoral aristocrats advance oppression on others, anarchy attacks aggressively.
• Although the letters at the beginning are not alike, the sound made is identical or similar and provides a flow of speech within the sentence.

Figurative Language about Facebook

Tropes:

Metaphor

o   “Facebook is a sewer filled with the waste of others”

o   Facebook is not literally a sewer. But by comparing it to a sewer, which is filled with unwanted things from other people, the reader is able to say “you know, there are a ton of things on here from other people that I don’t want”. Like a sewer, there are a lot of things on there that you just don’t care to see.

 Paronomasia

o   “One of the consequences of gazing at your feed, is that soon you are grazing without any need”

o   Gazing refers to looking, grazing to eating. Once one looks at Facebook, Food comes calling. One interesting way of reading this is to view grazing as eating up what you see in your feed, bringing you in, when you have no need to be looking at it. This causes a reflection, do I do that?

Anthimeria

o   “Facebook has interneted our friendships too much”

o   Changing the internet into a verb shows that our friendships have become too online and not enough in person.

Hyperbole

o   “Each day everyone logs on Facebook and complain about every bad thing that happened that day, and post a thousand pictures of every good thing that happened that day.”

o   This has tons and tons of hyperboles in it. Not everyone logs on Facebook every day, not everyone posts something that is complaining, not everyone posts pictures of something good. But when the reader thinks about all the posts they see, they see that there is some truth in the statement.

Oxymoron

o   “Facebook will take you into a land of virtual reality”

o   Virtual reality has become what we associate with online interactions. And there is a reason for that, virtual is the antonym of real. Since fake is the opposite of real, virtual reality is fake reality. People will consider that what happens on Facebook is not what happens in real life, just as we can take on a persona in virtual reality, we can take on a persona on facebook.

Schemes:

Parallelism

o   “Logging on to Facebook means logging off of life”

o   The idea of logging into or out of something is repeated. It causes one to think about if they do “log off” of their real lives when they are on Facebook.

Anastrophe

o   “Seized, there is a world out there to be”

o   By having first, the natural order is changed giving the impression that seized is very important, causing a search for what is important to be seized.

Ellipsis

o   “Under the right circumstances Facebook can be used for good, and under the wrong, bad.”

o   By not stating “circumstances Facebook can be used for” again there is a greater proximity between good and bad, which does a better job of showing the range of impact it can have.

Alliteration

o   “Go use your gifts to gladden a heart”

o   The repetition of the “G” sound gives it a sense to go and do, to motivate to action.

Figurative Language about Lazy Students

1.      Metaphor

a.       Lazy students are collegiate sloths

b.      The student is not literally a sloth, but sloths are often used to represent something that is sluggish or lazy – like the students being described.

2.      Paronomasia

a.       For extra motivation, I slugged the sluggish student.           

b.      I’m saying that I hit the lazy student to motivate him to do something. In the example, “slugged” is the past tense of “to hit” and “sluggish” is a modifier that indicates slow or lethargic in movement.

3.      Anthimeria

a.       He once was a lazy student then he got Mark Zuckerberged and now he’s a millionaire.

b.      Mark Zuckerberg is a young billionaire CEO who with his own initiative founded Facebook. If a student was lazy than became like Mark Zuckerberg (or was “Zuckerberged”) then it would mean he became a lot more motivated.

4.      Hyberbole

a.       The lazy student will be the death of American universities everyone

b.      This is a gross over-exaggeration. There is absolutely no way that some lazy students will result in a nationwide failure in the university system

5.      Oxymoron

a.       I saw the lazy student napping avidly during class.

b.      The word “avid” means “showing keen interest or enthusiasm” which is not possible to do while asleep. By using this word in this context, the reader sees a person who really enjoys napping during class and likely does so often and therefore never pays attention

6.      Paralellism

a.       The lazy student slept his way through class and gamed his way by homework.

b.      The above parallelism of phrase uses the phrases “slept his way through class” and “gamed his way by homework” to jointly relate the way the lazy student wasted time in college doing things he should not have.

7.      Anastrophe

a.       Soberly and morosely, the lazy student watched his friends graduate.

b.      Usually these adverbs would be closer to the verb they are modified (how he watched the graduation) but by pulling them to the front of the sentence we draw attention to the way the lazy student felt as his friends graduated.

8.      Ellipsis

a.       A responsible student works his way through college, a lazy student sleeps.

b.      By omitting what the lazy student sleeps his way through extra attention is drawn to the fact that this sentence expressing the thing that was passed (either actively or lazily).

9.      Alliteration

a.       The lazy student lumbered along the lengthy, testing line lingering for a moment to lackadaisically look at the liberated students who left the testing center loving life.

b.      Hopefully the alliteration of the words that begin with “l” makes the sentence a little more interesting to read.

don't be lazy :)

Figurative language about learning to play an instrument...

Tropes about learning to play an instrument:

1. metaphor:

• "Learning to play an instrument is nourishment for the mind." 
• Playing an instrument provides no physical nutrients for the brain, the word nourishment here denotes something healthy that contributes to progress or enrichment.

2. paronomasia:

• "Learning to perform an instrument performs wonders for the idle mind." 
• The word "perform" is used twice, but with a different meaning each time. It might be humorous to think about how great of a performance it might be for one observing for the idle mind to be changed to something more complex and productive. 

3. anthimeria:

• "A key step to learning how to play an instrument is a good daily practice." 
• Practice is a verb not a noun, but is used in the previous sentence as a noun. By turning practice into a verb it seems like it emphasizes the action of practicing more and makes it seem more involved or intense. 

4. hyperbole:

• "Learning to play an instrument is no mere hobby; it is the difference between a life lived to its' fullest and being consigned to decades of mediocrity. "
• Suggesting that playing an instrument is what provides for a fulfilling life and not doing so will lead to unhappiness is an exaggeration. Most people can't really tell the difference between someone who plays an instrument ad someone who doesn't. 

5. oxymoron:

• "The simple complexity of time, rhythm, and movement form the sum of musicality."
• Simple and complexity placed right by each other is paradoxical.

Schemes about learning to play an instrument:

1. parallelism:

• "Memorizing songs to play, poems to recite, or words to use are all expansive to the human mind." 
• "...songs to play... poems to recite... words to use..." are the parallel phrases here. 

2. anastrophe:

• "Rapidly moving were her eyes and hands as she played the notes that passed by quickly on the music before her." 
• Placing the adjective and verb "rapidly moving" before rather than after "her eyes and hands" places more emphasis on the intensity of her movement and the action of movement itself. It causes the phrase to be more active. 

3. ellipsis:

• Actors memorize pretty quickly; the musician, even quicker. 
• The word "memorize" was omitted in the second part of the sentence because it is still implied. 

4. alliteration:

• "When learning an instrument the brain may breach barriers that are broken by the balance of musicality and technicality." 
• B's were repeated throughout the middle of the sentence, it provides greater emphasis on the brain and the words that follow. 

Stylistic Arguments for Music & Studying

Tropes about music’s effect on studying:

-Read my original post about music and studying here: Music & The Mind

1.       Metaphor/Simile

·         “If studying is like attempting to read a road map, then music is a GPS.”

·         This is a combination of a metaphor and a simile. The simile is referencing the act of studying and the metaphor directly compares music to a GPS. I like the use of both here as many people have experienced the pain of trying using a road map, but then experienced the simplicity of having a GPS, which is implied by the metaphor.

2.       Paronomasia

·         “Studying with music brings reward, while studying without brings discord.”

·        Both reward and discord end in the same sound, but differ in meaning. What I like most about this statement is the omitted word music from the second part of the statement, and then the word discord to complete the pun has reference to music itself.

3.       Anthimeria

·         “By the looks of these grades, I’d guess you have really been musicing up your studies.”

·         This makes music into a verb, and implies the idea that adding music to this person’s studies has become a regular thing, and produces good results.

4.       Hyperbole

·         “Music isn't a simple aid! It is a catalyst to achieving otherwise unattainable results!”

·         Obviously this is an exaggerated claim, like a hyperbole should be. It also helps that the understatement of the power of music is made clear before the over exaggerated statement of its usefulness.

5.       Oxymoron

·         “Studying is an act of understanding confusion, when music is not involved.”

·         Understanding and confusion are clearly the opposite of each other, and when placed together create a paradoxical idea. Studying for many people can be an attempt to understand things that are confusing and new to them. Music is an aid to the confusion.

Schemes about music’s effect on studying:

1.       Parallelism

·         “Studying is required; music is optional; but both is success.”

·         The parallel parts, which there are three of, are all in the form of “____ is ____”. Although it words a little funny to me I think that the idea is clear, and brings a strong argument to the table.

2.       Anastrophe

·         “Greater focus, music brings to studying.”

·         Much like master Yoda from the Star Wars series the beginning or focus of the sentence becomes “greater focus” rather than music or studying. I think this scheme really helps your audience focus on the benefits of whatever you are arguing.

3.       Ellipsis

·         “Studying with music is assuredly effective, while studying without can go anywhere.”

·         I really think this ellipsis is powerful in my example/topic because it is able to represent exactly what I am arguing: studying with and without music. When music is in the first part of the sentence it ends with a positive word, while when music is missing but implied in the second part of the sentence it ends on a less positive note.

4.       Alliteration

·         “A study with sublime sounds shall score stupendous success, while a study shorn of a single strain of song will settle for sufficiency.”

·         The repeated S’s at the begging and throughout most of the words in this sentence make it sound very smart. I think this specific example is powerful because it is able to incorporate two things (music and studying), without ever using the word music.

Figurative Language About Suits

1.       Metaphor

a.       To have no suit is to have no life.

b.      We understand the idea of not having a life. When combined with the idea of not having a suit in such a direct and forward approach the reader is able to see the severity of not having a suit. This is quite the insult for a man who doesn’t have a suit (although I created the metaphor I disagree with it ha.) This may also be classified as part of parallelism as both parts of the sentences are similar in structure. This could even be considered a hyperbole (as metaphors are often used) because it can be considered an exaggeration.

2.       Paronomasia

a.       All who wear suits, are suited well.

b.      In this case, both words are virtually identical yet both represent two different things. While the first use of suit refers to the noun (article of clothing) the second suits is used as a meaning for “appropriate.” This is to suggest that suits suit people well.

3.       Anthimeria

a.       Suiting is so common in the business world that you would look foolish not to do it.

b.      The word suit is typically used as a noun to classify what someone might wear. In this instance “suiting” represents the act of wearing the suit. This noun-turned-verb becomes a powerful way to demonstrate how essential a suit is in the business world.

4.       Hyperbole

a.       A true man has an infinite amount of suits to choose from.

b.      Clearly there is no man who has so many suits that they cannot be counted. Nonetheless, this hyperbole allows the listener to recognize that the more suits you have the better off you will be providing a clear picture of what is expected of a “true man.”

5.       Oxymoron

a.       When a man dresses in such a brilliantly dark suit as this one he will surely come away as victor.

b.      The two words “brilliantly dark” are often times opposing in nature. To be brilliant is to be bright or radiant while dark quite the opposite. Standing side by side, these two words powerfully influence the image of a deep dark suit therefore creating an effective oxymoron.

Schemes about suits:

1.       Parallelism

a.       All suits are to be tailored, cleaned, and preserved.

b.      A simple sentence in a clear form of parallelism of words. To be “tailored, cleaned, and preserved” demonstrate the similarity in structure placing emphasis on the needs of a good suit therefore fitting under the scheme of parallelism.

2.       Anastrophe

a.       Powerful men, suits produce.

b.      Simply rearranged, the original sentences could be worded, “Suits produce powerful men.” By rearranging the order of the sentence the focus is set upon the men who become powerful. The second focus becomes the “how” of why they become powerful which one can find in the second part (suits make men powerful). An effective example of anastrophe.

3.       Ellipsis

a.       Some suits are sleek and others, not.

b.      Although it is clear that both parts of the sentence addresses suits, the second part (referring “others”) omits the reference back of suits; thus creating an ellipsis.

4.       Alliteration

a.       When suits are sown smoothly they satisfy the surrounding standbys.   

b.      This sentences connects a string of words that begin with the letter “s” and all have a similar sound. As a result, the sentence catches the attention of the audience drawing their interest to understand and clarify what each word offers to the sentences.

Figurative Language: Better for you in the long run

TROPES

  metaphor: 

o        "Life is a run,  it’s not about the destination but the experiences we have in the journey "

o        Life is not literally a run, but one can see that both in life and in running we can get lost by only thinking about the destination. Learning to enjoy the journey is an important part of both life and running.

paronomasia

Excuses are like worries, Everybody's got some,
but as we get lose them we feel happier.

o        "Not only is running a marathon a hard feat, but hard on your feet."

o        The words “Feat” and “Feet” are homonyms, one referring to achieving something difficult, the other the reason why it is difficult.

anthimeria

o        "Sometimes you just have to NIKE your way through life."

o        The Nike slogan “JUST DO IT”, a noun, being turned into a verb

hyperbole 

o        "They say he runs faster than the speed of light!"

o        It is unrealistic to think that anyone could run as fast as the speed of light. This exaggeration would indicate that someone was moving fast.

oxymoron

o        "To run is to feel both alive and dead"

o    "alive" and "dead" demonstrate the feelings of exhilaration and adrenaline (alive) and the feelings of exhaustion and wear and tear on the body. Because these two feelings are opposites, and felt simultaneously, it makes it seem paradoxical.

SCHEMES

parallelism

o        "Whether winter, spring, summer, or fall, it’s always a good time to run."

o        The parallel parts listing the different seasons

anastrophe 

o        "Swiftly you must run, if the race, you wish to win."

o        Normally the expression would have read, “You must run swiftly if you wish to win the race”

ellipsis

o        "There are two kinds of people in this world: runners, and those who wish they were”

o       “runners” was omitted from the end of the second phrase, we assume that this is what those who didn’t run  wish they were                                       

alliteration

o        "The relict reebok, ran ragged, rushed relentlessly through ravines, reeds and roads."

o        Although I would never really use this in trying to persuade someone, I did want to see how many words I could use that all began with the letter “r”  A reebok is a type of African Antelope, relict is “last, or surviving”.

The following is a clip about some cheetah's chasing a herd of gazelle into some tourists. Kinda cool.                                                                                                            Start watching at 30 seconds!

Figurative Language about Sandwiches

Tropes:

1. Metaphor
• "The cutting of a sandwich is the whipped cream on a cup of hot cocoa."
• I actually used an extended version of this metaphor in my original blog post about sandwiches. I said that a cut sandwich is better than a normal sandwich in the same way that whipped cream makes a cup of hot chocolate better. Obviously the action of cutting a sandwich is not the same as a physical dollop of whipped cream.
2. Paranomasia
• "Wouldn't you love to meet and squeeze the perfectly cut meat and cheese?"
• "Meet and squeeze" sounds a lot like "meat and cheese" but they do not mean the same thing since "meat and cheese" is referring to a sandwich while "meet and squeeze" is referring to a reaction you might have when being introduced to someone you really admire.
3. Anthimeria
• "I sandwiched the peanut butter and jelly together between two slices of bread."
• This is actually a kind of common anthimeria. People often use the noun "sandwich" as a verb to mean putting things together between two similar objects. The word use creates a type of imagery for the reader.
4. Hyperbole
• "Whether or not you cut your sandwich in half will determine the fate of the entire universe!"
• Obviously the way you eat your sandwich will not alter an significant events for the entire universe, but the exaggeration makes the decision seem much more consequential than it actually is.
5. Oxymoron
• "To make the sandwich experience whole, half it."
• "Whole" and "half" are opposites, but it seems paradoxical because it almost makes sense in this context.

Schemes

1. Parallelism
• "To make a proper sandwich you have to spread the peanut butter, apply the jelly, and cut the sandwich."
• The list of tasks exhibits parallelism in the form of [verb] the [noun], and allows the list to flow better than it would otherwise.
2. Anastrophe
• "Delicious is a sandwich when properly made."
• Usually this would be said "A properly made sandwich is delicious" but this phrasing draws emphasis on the last part of the sentence; or that the sandwich must be properly made to be delicious.
3. Ellipsis
• "A sandwich that is cut is simply better than one that is not."
• It is implied that the word "cut" follows the word "not" because of the way the sentence is framed so the word "cut" can be omitted as an ellipsis.
4. Alliteration
• "Some students still seem squeamish to start slicing their sandwiches."
• Since almost every word starts with the letter S, this sentence is an example of an alliteration.

I am a little sick of writing about sandwiches at this point; but hopefully you aren't too sick of reading about them to comment with your opinions on my figures of speech!