In this particular passage, Isaiah places clear emphasis on various topics by restating or repeating them. I've reformatted the following verses in order to make this emphasis clear.
10: For precept must be upon precept
precept upon precept
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| an example of exergasia |
line upon line
here a little
and there a little:
13:But the word of the Lord was unto them
precept upon precept
precept upon precept
line upon line
line upon line
here a little
and there a little
that they might go
and fall backward
and be broken
and snared
and taken.
According to Silva Rhetorica, such repetition could be called palilogia--the "repetition of the same word (or phrase?) for vehemence".
Later in the passage, we see exergasia emerging--a figure of repetition in which the wording, style, delivery, or general phrasing is changed.
15 Because ye have said, We have made a covenant with death, and with hell are we at agreement; when the overflowing scourge shall pass through, it shall not come unto us: for we have made lies our refuge, and under falsehood have we hid ourselves:
Each clause is essentially stating the same concept as the one before it; however, the new phrasing and wholly stylistic approach is attractive in a literary way. The concept Isaiah is attempting to get across (at least, what I am understanding) is that the people believed that they didn't need the Atonement and that they had found supposed safety in deceit. Each of the above lines states this concept in a slightly different way, lending emphasis to both the oral and written forms of Isaiah's words.
